We will review the most recent climate change and environmental data, specifically addressing their implications for hydrology on a global/regional scale. Moreover, we will examine the selected outcomes and repercussions of the UN 2023 Water Conference (March 22-24, 2023, in New York) and COP-28 (November 30 to December 12, 2023, in Dubai) on water management and policy.

The discourse will encompass an exploration of two frameworks: the global initiative Early Warnings for All (EW4ALL) and the World Meteorological Organization's Hydrological Status and Outlook System (HydroSOS). A primary focus will be directed towards identifying potential enhancements for these frameworks, leveraging advancements in science and technology to fortify the robustness and reliability of observations and predictions.

Critical questions will be posed, addressing the entire 'value chain' from initial observations and data management to forecasting and predictions to the ultimate dissemination and communication of warnings. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the specific contributions required to strengthen this chain. Notably, we will deliberate on how science and technology can play a pivotal role in augmenting observation capabilities and refining predictive methodologies.

An overarching theme of the presentation will be the enhancement of societal preparedness and early response capacity to mitigate potential damages. The discussion will seek to identify strategies for improving the resilience of societies in the face of environmental challenges and climate change in particular.