Abteilung Umweltchemie

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array(10 items)
   0 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=14227, pid=124)
      originalId => protected14227 (integer)
      authors => protected'Honti, M.; Schuwirth, N.; Rieckermann, J.; Stamm, C.' (72 chars)
      title => protected'Can integrative catchment management mitigate future water quality issues ca
         used by climate change and socio-economic development?' (130 chars)
      journal => protected'Hydrology and Earth System Sciences' (35 chars)
      year => protected2017 (integer)
      volume => protected21 (integer)
      issue => protected'3' (1 chars)
      startpage => protected'1593' (4 chars)
      otherpage => protected'1609' (4 chars)
      categories => protected'' (0 chars)
      description => protected'The design and evaluation of solutions for integrated surface water quality 
         management requires an integrated modelling approach. Integrated models have
          to be comprehensive enough to cover the aspects relevant for management dec
         isions, allowing for mapping of larger-scale processes such as climate chang
         e to the regional and local contexts. Besides this, models have to be suffic
         iently simple and fast to apply proper methods of uncertainty analysis, cove
         ring model structure deficits and error propagation through the chain of sub
         -models. Here, we present a new integrated catchment model satisfying both c
         onditions. The conceptual "iWaQa" model was developed to support the integra
         ted management of small streams. It can be used to predict traditional water
          quality parameters, such as nutrients and a wide set of organic micropollut
         ants (plant and material protection products), by considering all major poll
         utant pathways in urban and agricultural environments. Due to its simplicity
         , the model allows for a full, propagative analysis of predictive uncertaint
         y, including certain structural and input errors. The usefulness of the mode
         l is demonstrated by predicting future surface water quality in a small catc
         hment with mixed land use in the Swiss Plateau. We consider climate change, 
         population growth or decline, socio-economic development, and the implementa
         tion of management strategies to tackle urban and agricultural point and non
         -point sources of pollution. Our results indicate that input and model struc
         ture uncertainties are the most influential factors for certain water qualit
         y parameters. In these cases model uncertainty is already high for present c
         onditions. Nevertheless, accounting for today's uncertainty makes management
          fairly robust to the foreseen range of potential changes in the next decade
         s. The assessment of total predictive uncertainty allows for selecting manag
         ement strategies that show small sensitivity to poorly known boundary condit
         ions. The identification...' (2498 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'1027-5606' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'10.5194/hess-21-1593-2017' (25 chars)
      uid => protected14227 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected14227 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected14227 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)
   1 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=7374, pid=124)
      originalId => protected7374 (integer)
      authors => protected'Honti, M.; Stamm, C.; Reichert, P.' (49 chars)
      title => protected'Integrated uncertainty assessment of discharge predictions with a statistica
         l error model' (89 chars)
      journal => protected'Water Resources Research' (24 chars)
      year => protected2013 (integer)
      volume => protected49 (integer)
      issue => protected'8' (1 chars)
      startpage => protected'4866' (4 chars)
      otherpage => protected'4884' (4 chars)
      categories => protected'' (0 chars)
      description => protected'A proper uncertainty assessment of rainfall-runoff predictions has always be
         en an important objective for modelers. Several sources of uncertainty have 
         been identified, but their representation was limited to complicated mechani
         stic error propagation frameworks only. The typical statistical error models
          used in the modeling practice still build on outdated and invalidated assum
         ptions like the independence and homoscedasticity of model residuals and thu
         s result in wrong uncertainty estimates. The primary reason for the populari
         ty of the traditional faulty methods is the enormous computational requireme
         nt of full Bayesian error propagation frameworks. We introduce a statistical
          error model that can account for the effect of various uncertainty sources 
         present in conceptual rainfall-runoff modeling studies and at the same time 
         has limited computational demand. We split the model residuals into three di
         fferent components: a random noise term and two bias processes with differen
         t response characteristics. The effects of the input uncertainty are simulat
         ed with a stochastic linearized rainfall-runoff model. While the description
          of model bias with Bayesian statistics cannot directly help to improve on t
         he model's deficiencies, it is still beneficial to get realistic estimates o
         n the overall predictive uncertainty and to rank the importance of different
          uncertainty sources. This feature is particularly important if the error so
         urces cannot be addressed individually, but it is also relevant for the desc
         ription of remaining bias when input and structural errors are considered ex
         plicitly.' (1605 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'0043-1397' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'10.1002/wrcr.20374' (18 chars)
      uid => protected7374 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected7374 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected7374 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)
   2 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=9092, pid=124)
      originalId => protected9092 (integer)
      authors => protected'Honti, M.; Scheidegger, A.; Stamm, C.' (52 chars)
      title => protected'The importance of hydrological uncertainty assessment methods in climate cha
         nge impact studies' (94 chars)
      journal => protected'Hydrology and Earth System Sciences' (35 chars)
      year => protected2014 (integer)
      volume => protected18 (integer)
      issue => protected'8' (1 chars)
      startpage => protected'3301' (4 chars)
      otherpage => protected'3317' (4 chars)
      categories => protected'' (0 chars)
      description => protected'Climate change impact assessments have become more and more popular in hydro
         logy since the middle 1980s with a recent boost after the publication of the
          IPCC AR4 report. From hundreds of impact studies a quasi-standard methodolo
         gy has emerged, to a large extent shaped by the growing public demand for pr
         edicting how water resources management or flood protection should change in
          the coming decades. The "standard" workflow relies on a model cascade from 
         global circulation model (GCM) predictions for selected IPCC scenarios to fu
         ture catchment hydrology. Uncertainty is present at each level and propagate
         s through the model cascade. There is an emerging consensus between many stu
         dies on the relative importance of the different uncertainty sources. The pr
         evailing perception is that GCM uncertainty dominates hydrological impact st
         udies. Our hypothesis was that the relative importance of climatic and hydro
         logic uncertainty is (among other factors) heavily influenced by the uncerta
         inty assessment method. To test this we carried out a climate change impact 
         assessment and estimated the relative importance of the uncertainty sources.
          The study was performed on two small catchments in the Swiss Plateau with a
          lumped conceptual rainfall runoff model. In the climatic part we applied th
         e standard ensemble approach to quantify uncertainty but in hydrology we use
         d formal Bayesian uncertainty assessment with two different likelihood funct
         ions. One was a time series error model that was able to deal with the compl
         icated statistical properties of hydrological model residuals. The second wa
         s an approximate likelihood function for the flow quantiles. The results sho
         wed that the expected climatic impact on flow quantiles was small compared t
         o prediction uncertainty. The choice of uncertainty assessment method actual
         ly determined what sources of uncertainty could be identified at all. This d
         emonstrated that one could arrive at rather different conclusions about the 
         causes behind predictive...' (2129 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'1027-5606' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'10.5194/hess-18-3301-2014' (25 chars)
      uid => protected9092 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected9092 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected9092 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)
   3 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=9167, pid=124)
      originalId => protected9167 (integer)
      authors => protected'Reichert, P.; Langhans, S. D.; Lienert, J.; Schuwirth,&n
         bsp;N.' (82 chars)
      title => protected'The conceptual foundation of environmental decision support' (59 chars)
      journal => protected'Journal of Environmental Management' (35 chars)
      year => protected2015 (integer)
      volume => protected154 (integer)
      issue => protected'' (0 chars)
      startpage => protected'316' (3 chars)
      otherpage => protected'332' (3 chars)
      categories => protected'multi-criteria decision analysis; environmental management; societal decisio
         n support; stakeholder involvement; intersubjective probabilities; multi-att
         ribute value theory; multi-attribute utility theory; uncertainty; river mana
         gement' (234 chars)
      description => protected'Environmental decision support intends to use the best available scientific 
         knowledge to help decision makers find and evaluate management alternatives.
          The goal of this process is to achieve the best fulfillment of societal obj
         ectives. This requires a careful analysis of (i) how scientific knowledge ca
         n be represented and quantified, (ii) how societal preferences can be descri
         bed and elicited, and (iii) how these concepts can best be used to support c
         ommunication with authorities, politicians, and the public in environmental 
         management. The goal of this paper is to discuss key requirements for a conc
         eptual framework to address these issues and to suggest how these can best b
         e met. We argue that a combination of probability theory and scenario planni
         ng with multi-attribute utility theory fulfills these requirements, and disc
         uss adaptations and extensions of these theories to improve their applicatio
         n for supporting environmental decision making. With respect to (i) we sugge
         st the use of intersubjective probabilities, if required extended to impreci
         se probabilities, to describe the current state of scientific knowledge. To 
         address (ii), we emphasize the importance of value functions, in addition to
          utilities, to support decisions under risk. We discuss the need for testing
          "non-standard" value aggregation techniques, the usefulness of flexibility 
         of value functions regarding attribute data availability, the elicitation of
          value functions for sub-objectives from experts, and the consideration of u
         ncertainty in value and utility elicitation. With respect to (iii), we outli
         ne a well-structured procedure for transparent environmental decision suppor
         t that is based on a clear separation of scientific prediction and societal 
         valuation. We illustrate aspects of the suggested methodology by its applica
         tion to river management in general and with a small, didactical case study 
         on spatial river rehabilitation prioritization.' (1947 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'0301-4797' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.053' (29 chars)
      uid => protected9167 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected9167 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected9167 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)
   4 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=6688, pid=124)
      originalId => protected6688 (integer)
      authors => protected'Reichert, P.; Schuwirth, N.; Langhans, S. D.' (64 chars)
      title => protected'MCWM – Ein Konzept für multikriterielle Entscheidungsunterstützung im Wa
         ssermanagement' (90 chars)
      journal => protected'Wasser, Energie, Luft' (21 chars)
      year => protected2011 (integer)
      volume => protected103 (integer)
      issue => protected'2' (1 chars)
      startpage => protected'139' (3 chars)
      otherpage => protected'148' (3 chars)
      categories => protected'' (0 chars)
      description => protected'Das per 1.1.2011 in Kraft getretene revidierte Gewässerschutzgesetz bringt 
         den Kantonen in der Schweiz zusätzliche Verpflichtungen bezüglich der Revi
         talisierung morphologisch beeinträchtigter Gewässer und der Verminderung n
         egativer Auswirkungen von Wasserkraftanlagen auf Gewässerökosysteme. Da au
         ch neue Finanzierungsquellen erschlossen werden, sind diese neuen oder verst
         ärkten Verpflichtungen eine grosse Chance für die ökologische Aufwertung 
         der schweizerischen Gewässersysteme. Ähnliche Anforderungen an das Gewäss
         ermanagement wurden auch im Ausland etabliert, etwa in der Europäischen Uni
         on durch die Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (WFD, 2000). Das Ziel des Gewässermanag
         
         ' (815 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'0377-905X' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'' (0 chars)
      uid => protected6688 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected6688 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected6688 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)
   5 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=7249, pid=124)
      originalId => protected7249 (integer)
      authors => protected'Reichert, P.; Schuwirth, N.; Langhans, S.' (56 chars)
      title => protected'Constructing, evaluating and visualizing value and utility functions for dec
         ision support' (89 chars)
      journal => protected'Environmental Modelling and Software' (36 chars)
      year => protected2013 (integer)
      volume => protected46 (integer)
      issue => protected'' (0 chars)
      startpage => protected'283' (3 chars)
      otherpage => protected'291' (3 chars)
      categories => protected'decision support; multi-criteria decision analysis; value functions; utility
          functions; uncertainty; environmental management; ecological river assessme
         nt; river management' (172 chars)
      description => protected'Formal methods of decision analysis can help to structure a decision making 
         process and to communicate reasons for decisions transparently. Objectives h
         ierarchies and associated value and utility functions are useful instruments
          for supporting such decision making processes by structuring and quantifyin
         g the preferences of decision makers or stakeholders. Common multi-attribute
          decision analysis software products support such decision making processes 
         but they can often not represent complex preference structures and visualize
          uncertainty induced by uncertain predictions of the consequences of decisio
         n alternatives. To stimulate strengthening these aspects in decision support
          processes, we propose a set of visualization tools and provide a software p
         ackage for constructing, evaluating and visualizing value and utility functi
         ons. In these tools we emphasize flexibility in value aggregation schemes an
         d consideration and communication of prediction uncertainty. The use of thes
         e tools is demonstrated with an illustrative example of river management dec
         ision support.' (1078 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'1364-8152' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.01.017' (29 chars)
      uid => protected7249 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected7249 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected7249 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)
   6 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=7583, pid=124)
      originalId => protected7583 (integer)
      authors => protected'Robinson, C. T.; Schuwirth, N.; Baumgartner, S.; Stamm,&
         nbsp;C.' (83 chars)
      title => protected'Spatial relationships between land-use, habitat, water quality and lotic mac
         roinvertebrates in two Swiss catchments' (115 chars)
      journal => protected'Aquatic Sciences' (16 chars)
      year => protected2014 (integer)
      volume => protected76 (integer)
      issue => protected'3' (1 chars)
      startpage => protected'375' (3 chars)
      otherpage => protected'392' (3 chars)
      categories => protected'urban stream; aquatic insects; physico-chemical; nutrients; micropollutants' (75 chars)
      description => protected'We examined the influence of land-use, habitat, and water quality on the spa
         tial distribution of aquatic macroinvertebrates in two human-dominated catch
         ments in the Swiss Plateau (Gürbe, Mönchaltorfer Aa). Land-use in the Gür
         be catchment was dominated by agriculture, whereas urban land-use was more c
         ommon in the Mönchaltorfer Aa. Study sites in each catchment were character
         ized using measures of local habitat conditions, water quality parameters in
         cluding water temperature, and organic matter resources. A strong longitudin
         al gradient in temperature, conductivity and nitrogen was evident among site
         s in the Gürbe catchment, although sites on a main tributary had a strong a
         gricultural signature and deviated from this pattern. Percentage agricultura
         l land-use in the Gürbe was strongly correlated with algal biomass and the 
         water quality PCA axes associated with conductivity, nitrogen (axis-1) and t
         emperature (axis-3). Spatial grouping of sites by water quality was less evi
         dent in the Mönchaltorfer Aa, except for a strong signal by wastewater trea
         tment plant effluents and partial differences between upper and lower basin 
         sites. Percentage forest and agricultural land-use in the Mönchaltorfer Aa 
         were correlated with water quality PCA axis-2, being associated with phospho
         rus and temperature. Macroinvertebrate densities, taxonomic richness, and ax
         is-1 from a non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) of taxonomic
          composition were significantly correlated with water quality PCA axis-1 in 
         the Gürbe catchment. Here, macroinvertebrate densities and NMDS axis-1 scor
         es based on taxon relative abundances and densities were correlated with lan
         d-use features. Spatial distances between sites also were related to site di
         fferences in macroinvertebrates, reflecting the strong longitudinal environm
         ental gradient in the Gürbe. Taxonomic differences between water quality PC
         A site groups were less pronounced in the Mönchaltorfer Aa, although differ
         ences were significant f...' (2712 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'1015-1621' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'10.1007/s00027-014-0341-z' (25 chars)
      uid => protected7583 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected7583 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected7583 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)
   7 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=10013, pid=124)
      originalId => protected10013 (integer)
      authors => protected'Schuwirth, N.; Reichert, P.' (37 chars)
      title => protected'Das Vorkommen von Lebewesen vorhersagen' (39 chars)
      journal => protected'Eawag News [dtsch. Ausg.]' (25 chars)
      year => protected2012 (integer)
      volume => protected72 (integer)
      issue => protected'' (0 chars)
      startpage => protected'14' (2 chars)
      otherpage => protected'17' (2 chars)
      categories => protected'' (0 chars)
      description => protected'Wirbellose Kleinlebewesen haben sehr verschiedene Ansprüche an ihren Lebens
         raum. Die Eawag entwickelt ein Computermodell, um die Zusammensetzung der Le
         bensgemeinschaften am Flussgrund vorherzusagen. Das Modell soll in Zukunft i
         ntegratives Flussmanagement unterstützen und mögliche Konsequenzen verschi
         edener Managementmassnahmen oder des Klimawandels vorhersagen.' (366 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'1420-3979' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'' (0 chars)
      uid => protected10013 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected10013 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected10013 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)
   8 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=7782, pid=124)
      originalId => protected7782 (integer)
      authors => protected'Schuwirth, N.; Kattwinkel, M.; Stamm, C.' (55 chars)
      title => protected'How stressor specific are trait-based ecological indices for ecosystem manag
         ement?' (82 chars)
      journal => protected'Science of the Total Environment' (32 chars)
      year => protected2015 (integer)
      volume => protected505 (integer)
      issue => protected'' (0 chars)
      startpage => protected'565' (3 chars)
      otherpage => protected'572' (3 chars)
      categories => protected'river management; bioassessment; macroinvertebrates; multiple stressors; tra
         it-based indices; Monte Carlo simulations' (117 chars)
      description => protected'Using macroinvertebrates as ecological indicators for different stressors ha
         s a long tradition. However, when applied to field data, one often observes 
         correlations between different macroinvertebrate indices that can be attribu
         ted to both correlations of stressors and inherent correlations due to the s
         ensitivity of taxa to different stressors. Ignoring the source of any given 
         correlation leads to ambiguous conclusions about the impact of different str
         essors.<BR/> Here, we demonstrate how to distinguish the causes of correlati
         on by means of Monte Carlo simulations. We assessed to which degree trait-ba
         sed indices are stressor-specific and whether this depends on the pool of ta
         xa and its taxonomic resolution. Therefore, we (1) analysed the frequencies 
         of "sensitive" and "insensitive" taxa for pairwise combinations of different
          indices, (2) analysed the inherent correlation of indices with random sampl
         es from different taxon pools derived from field samples and from a complete
          species list of a whole ecoregion, and (3) compared this inherent correlati
         on with the actual correlation of the field samples. We exemplified this app
         roach by analysing two existing indices (SPEAR<SUB>pesticides</SUB>, Saprobi
         c Index) and new indices for temperature, flow and pH stress. We used these 
         new indices to illustrate our approach while in-depth testing of their appli
         cability was not the focus of our study. < BR/> We found strong correlations
          between several indices in our study area at the Swiss Plateau. The probabi
         lity that this correlation is only due to inherent correlation in the taxa s
         ensitivities was low (maximum of 0.34). The problem of inherent correlation 
         between indices is more severe for the smaller taxon pool with lower taxonom
         ic resolution.<BR/> Correlation in the sensitivity of different taxa to diff
         erent stressors leads to an inherent correlation in trait-based indices, whi
         ch weakens their explanatory power. Our results highlight the importance of 
         correlation analyses whe...' (2107 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'0048-9697' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.029' (31 chars)
      uid => protected7782 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected7782 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected7782 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)
   9 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=7252, pid=124)
      originalId => protected7252 (integer)
      authors => protected'Schuwirth,&nbsp;N.; Reichert,&nbsp;P.' (37 chars)
      title => protected'Bridging the gap between theoretical ecology and real ecosystems: modeling i
         nvertebrate community composition in streams' (120 chars)
      journal => protected'Ecology' (7 chars)
      year => protected2013 (integer)
      volume => protected94 (integer)
      issue => protected'2' (1 chars)
      startpage => protected'368' (3 chars)
      otherpage => protected'379' (3 chars)
      categories => protected'allometric scaling; Bayesian inference; biotic interactions; coexistence; fo
         od web model; functional traits; invertebrates; stoichiometry; trait databas
         es; uncertainty' (167 chars)
      description => protected'For the first time, we combine concepts of theoretical food web modeling, th
         e metabolic theory of ecology, and ecological stoichiometry with the use of 
         functional trait databases to predict the coexistence of invertebrate taxa i
         n streams. We developed a mechanistic model that describes growth, death, an
         d respiration of different taxa dependent on various environmental influence
          factors to estimate survival or extinction. Parameter and input uncertainty
          is propagated to model results. Such a model is needed to test our current 
         quantitative understanding of ecosystem structure and function and to predic
         t effects of anthropogenic impacts and restoration efforts. The model was te
         sted using macroinvertebrate monitoring data from a catchment of the Swiss P
         lateau. Even without fitting model parameters, the model is able to represen
         t key patterns of the coexistence structure of invertebrates at sites varyin
         g in external conditions (litter input, shading, water quality). This confir
         ms the suitability of the model concept. More comprehensive testing and resu
         lting model adaptations will further increase the predictive accuracy of the
          model.' (1147 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'0012-9658' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'10.1890/12-0591.1' (17 chars)
      uid => protected7252 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected7252 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected7252 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)