Publications: Solid Waste Management (SWM)
Community-based involvement in Solid waste managemenent
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General |
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Global Waste Challenge |
This booklet aims at rising the awareness of the appalling situation related to Municipal Solid Waste Management in developing countries. Data on MSW reveals the differences between high-income countries and the developing world. The data used and links to it sources can be ordered from: caterina.dallatorre@eawag.ch |
Download 4.1 MB |
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Key readings in Solid Waste Management |
A bibliography list considered to be key readings in the topic of Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries |
in english Download in french |
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Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries |
A primer and introduction to the main issues related
to solid waste management in developing countries
By C. Zurbrugg (2002) |
Download 162 KB |
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Improving Municipal Solid Waste Management in India - A Sourcebook for Policy Makers and Practitioners |
This book was written to support training of municipal officers. Although this book is about SWM in India, we expect that its contents will also help local governments throughout the developing world to plan and implement sustainable solutions to the waste management challenge. The publication was prepared by World Bank Institute, Infrastructure Professionals Enterprise, Centre for Environment Education as well as Eawag/Sandec (2007) |
Download 2.9 MB |
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Urban Solid Waste Management in Low-Income Countries of Asia - How to Cope with the Garbage Crisis |
This paper was presented at the Scientific Committee
on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) Urban Solid Waste Management Review
Session, Durban, South Africa, November 2002. In gives a brief overview on the
key issues on municipal solid waste management in the Asian context. By C. Zurbrugg (2003) |
Download 500 KB |
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Baseline Study on Water Supply, Sanitation and Solid Waste in Upper Dharamsala, India |
This report describes a project conducted with the
Tibetan Welfare Office in Dharamsala. Its objective was to assess the situation
with regard to water supply and environmental sanitation in McLeod Ganj in order
to prioritize for future action. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to
analyse the Water and Sanitation situation. SANDEC Report 09/03 By B. Sterkele and C. Zurbrugg (2003) |
Download 3 MB |
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Main Problems and Issues of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries with Emphasis on Probelms related to Disposal by Landfill |
This paper was presented at the Third Swedish
Landfill Research Symposia in October 1998 in Lulea, Sweden. It describes the
overall problems developing countries are facing with solid waste management and
focuses on the challenges of solid waste disposal.
By C. Zurbrugg (1998) |
Download 98 KB |
Organic Waste Management |
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Anaerobic Digestion of Canteen Waste at a Secondary School in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
This study
evaluates the ARTI biogas system at a Secondary School in Dar es Salaam,
Tanzania, where canteen waste is used as feedstock By T. Gyalpo (2010) |
Download 3.1 MB |
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Decentralised anaerobic digestion of market waste. Case study in Thiruvananthapuram, India |
This report contains monitoring results from a decentralized biogas plant for market waste (mainly fish waste) in South India. By F. Heeb (2009) |
Download 1.8 MB |
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Decentralised Co-Digestion of Faecal Sludge with Organic Solid Waste. Case Study in Maseru, Lesotho |
This study evaluates the biogas plants installed in Maseru, Lesotho, by TED-Borda. These biogas plants treat mainly human faeces, but also kitchen and garden waste and animal manure. By Ch. Müller (2009) |
Download 4.2 MB |
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Research on Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Solid Waste at Household Level in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
This paper evaluates the suitability of the ARTI Compact biogas system (CBS) as a decentralised low-tech treatment option for the organic fraction of household waste in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. By Ch. Lohri (2009) |
Download 2 MB Appendix |
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Anaerobic Digestion of Biodegradable Solid Waste in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Overview over existing technologies and relevant case studies |
This report gives an overview over the current situation of anaerobic digestion of biodegradable solid waste (kitchen waste, organic household waste) in developing countries. Different technologies implemented in various countries are described. By Ch. Müller (2007) |
LowRes Download 942 KB
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Decentralised Composting in Developing Countries. Financial and Technical Evaluation in the Case of Asmara City |
Diploma Thesis
By Ch. Müller |
Download 1.1 MB |
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Decentralised Composting - Assessment of Viability through Combined Material Flow Analysis and Cost Accounting |
The approach described in this paper assists in
visualising the existent solid waste management (SWM) system and
estimate cost implications achieved by implementing composting units,
seen from the municipality’s viewpoint.
By S. Drescher, Ch. Müller, T. Kubrom, S. Mehari, Ch. Zurbrügg, S. Kytzia |
Download 178 KB |
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Decentralised Composting: Lessons learned and future Potentials. For Meeting the Millennium Development Goals |
CWG – WASH Workshop 2006, 1 – 5 February in Kolkata, India By S. Drescher and Ch. Zurbrügg |
Download 394 KB |
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Decentralised Composting for Cities of Low- and Middle-Income Countries - A User's ManualCompostage urbain décentralisé dans les pays à faibles et moyens revenus - Manuel de l’utilisateur |
This book
describes approaches and methods of composting on neighbourhood level in
small-and middle-scale plants. It considers issues of waste collection,
composting technologies, management systems, occupational health concerns,
product quality, marketing and end-user demands. The reader is led step by step through the planning, implementing and operational stages of a decentralised composting scheme. S. Rothenberger, C. Zurbrugg, M. Sinha, I.
Enayetullah (2006) English-Version, lowRes Download 4.2 MB |
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Benefits and Risk of the Use of Organic Matter from Asmara Landfill in Agriculture |
The workshop report contains
the core findings of the study pesented to an audience of stakeholders and
decision-makers in Asmara. The study comprises technical and socio-economic
aspects. It presents the role of visible pollutants, heavy metal content and
nutrient content of the material as well as the perceptions of farmers who use
the material. The report shows the responses of different stakeholders on the
issue and an outlook on further activities.
Proceedings of
a Workshop in May 2004 |
Download 1.4 MB |
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Decentralised Composting of Urban Waste - an Overview of Community and Private Initiatives in Indian Cities |
This paper presents the results of a study assessing
17 decentralised systems from the cities of Bangalore, Chennai, Pune, and
Mumbai. The schemes were classified according to their organisational setup
into: 1) citizens' and community initiatives; 2) business and institution
initiatives operating on their premises and, 3) small and medium-size private
sector initiatives.
By C. Zurbrügg, S. Drescher, Almitra Patel, H.C.
Sharatchandra |
Download 272 KB |
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Decentralised composting in Bangladesh, a win-win situation for all stakeholders |
The paper describes experiences of Waste Concern, a research based Non-Governmental Organisation, with a community-based decentralised composting project in Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. By C. Zurbrügg, S. Drescher, I. Rytz, A.H.Md. Maqsood Sinhab, I. Enayetullahb (2004) |
Download 167 KB |
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Decentralised Composting solution for Indian Cities - A Resource Guide for Municipal Waste Managers |
Short easy to read 6 page document on the main issues
of decentralised composting in the Indian context.
By C. Zurbrügg, S. Drescher, Almitra Patel, H.C. Sharatchandra (2004) |
Download 586 KB |
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Co-Composting Reduces Helminth Eggs in Faecal Sludge |
Results of
monitoring the faecal sludge/solid waste pilot co-composting scheme at Buobai,
Kumasi (Ghana) for helminth egg removal (June-November 2003). Field
report. |
Download 593 KB |
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Nitrogen in Co-compost and other chemical compost analyses |
Results of monitoring the faecal sludge/solid waste pilot co-composting scheme at Buobai, Kumasi (Ghana) for physico-chemical parameters, notably nitrogen (March-November 2003). Field report. |
Download 739 KB |
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Co-composting of Faecal Sludge and Municipal Organic Waste |
The review
sets out to describe the resource potential of faecal sludge (FS) and organic
municipal solid waste (MSW); introduces meaningful characteristics of FS and
MSW, and describes options for FS and organic MSW treatment, of which the
combined composting (co-composting) constitutes one. The relevant process design
and operational parameters for composting and co-composting are discussed. The
documents also reports on cases and practices as retrieved from published and
grey literature. Open questions are identified and proposals for further field
research given. |
Download 1.2 MB |
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Decentralised Composting in Dhaka, Production of Compost and its Marketing |
This conference paper summarises the report by I.
Rytz (2001). It concentrates on the description of the composting process, the
finances and the marketing strategy of Waste Concern.
By C. Zurbrügg, S. Drescher, I. Rytz, M. Sinha, I. Enayetullah (2002) |
Download 58 KB |
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Assessment of a Decentralised Composting Scheme in Dhaka, Bangladesh - Technical, operational, organisational and financial aspects |
This report describes the set-up and process of a
decentralised waste collection and composting system of the NGO Waste Concern.
It provides detailed information about the material flows, the composting
process (indonesian windrow technique), the management as well as a
cost-revenues analysis
By I. Rytz (2001) |
Download 1.5 MB |
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Dezentrale Kompostierung von kommunlaen Abfällen in der 10-Millionen Stadt Dhaka, Bangladesch |
This short paper published in the yearly EAWAG report
describes the primary collection and decentralised composting scheme in Dhaka,
Bangladesh. This article is in GERMAN
By C. Zurbrügg, I. Rytz (2001) |
Download 157 KB |
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Decentralised Composting in India: Workshop report |
Proceedings of a workshop held in Banglalore in July
2002 on Decentralised composting for Indian Cities. Participants were composting
plant managers and community leaders form 6 South Indian Cities.
By C. Zurbrügg, S. Drescher, Almitra Patel, H.C. Sharatchandra (2002) |
Download 288 KB |
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Decentralised Composting in India - Lessons Learned |
This paper is a contribution to the WEDC Conference
(Nov. 2002 held in Kolkota) and describes the lessons learned from the research
study in India on decentralised composting schemes.
By C. Zurbrügg, S. Drescher, Almitra Patel, H.C. Sharatchandra (2002) |
Download 663 KB |
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Taking a closer look at decentralised composting schemes - lessons from India |
This paper describes the lessons learned in India on
decentralised composting schemes.
By C. Zurbrügg, S. Drescher, Almitra Patel, H.C. Sharatchandra (2003) Published in: Asian Society for Environmental Protection (ASEP) – Newsletter, March 2003 |
Download 251 KB |
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Fact Sheets of Composting Plants in India |
The files contain pictures and technical and
organisational information about various decentralised composting sites in
India.
By S. Drescher, March 2002 |
Download 708 KB |
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Urban Organic Waste Management in Karachi, Pakistan |
This paper is a contribution to the WEDC Conference
(Nov. 2002 held in Kolkata) and describes the lessons learned from the research
study in Karachi, Pakistan on organic municipal soilid waste
management.
By C. Zurbrügg, (2002) |
Download 121 KB |
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Benefits and Risk of the Use of Organic Matter from Asmara Landfill in Agriculture |
The workshop report contains
the core findings of the study pesented to an audience of stakeholders and
decision-makers in Asmara. The study comprises technical and socio-economic
aspects. It presents the role of visible pollutants, heavy metal content and
nutrient content of the material as well as the perceptions of farmers who use
the material. The report shows the responses of different stakeholders on the
issue and an outlook on further activities.
Proceedings of a Workshop in May 2004 |
Download 1.4 MB |
Market Demand |
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Marketing Compost |
This guide describes a marketing approach to composting, and is
intended to help compost producers run more viable initiatives by
unlocking the value of their product. By J. Rouse, S. Rothenberger, Ch. Zurbrügg (2008) |
Download | ||
Marketing Compost in Nepal. Field Testing of Sandec’s Compost Marketing Handbook |
This report contains a marketing study for two compost producers in Nepal. The survey was done according to Sandec's Marketing Handbook (available from the end of 2007) and gives an overview of the market environment in Nepal, estimates the market demand of compost and makes suggestions on how to promote the product. By A. Frömelt, (2007) |
Download 1.7 MB |
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Markets for Compost - a key factor for success of urban composting schemes in developing countries |
Description of the rationale on studies into
available and potential markets for compost from urban waste, including results
from studies in Dar es Salaam and Karachi.
By C. Zurbrügg, (2003) in City Matters Magazine, online Journal of Urbanicity |
Download 201 KB |
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Urban Organic Waste Management in Karachi, Pakistan |
This paper is a contribution to the WEDC Conference
(Nov. 2002 held in Kolkata) and describes the lessons learned from the research
study in Karachi, Pakistan on organic municipal soilid waste
management.
By C. Zurbrügg, (2002) |
Download 121 KB |
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Decentralised Composting in Dhaka, Production of Compost and its Marketing |
This conference paper summarises the report by I.
Rytz (2001). It concentrates on the description of the composting process, the
finances and the marketing strategy of Waste Concern.
By C. Zurbrügg, S. Drescher, I. Rytz, M. Sinha, I. Enayetullah (2002) |
Download 58 KB |
Community-based or medium and small enterprises involvement in solid waste management |
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Informing, Educating and Motivating Community Members |
This paper was presented at the Third Swedish
Landfill Research Symposia in October 1998 in Lulea, Sweden. It describes a
pilot project undertaken in Shah Rasool Colony a low income community in Karachi
Pakistan. The project involved an information, education campaign to motivate
the community members to initiate a primary waste collection scheme, managed by
the community itself.
By C. Zurbrugg and R. Ahmed (1998) |
Download 173 KB |
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Enhancing Community Motivation and Participation in Solid Waste Mangement |
This paper was published in SANDEC News No. 4 1999.
It describes a pilot project in Shah Rasool Colony a low income community in
Karachi Pakistan where the community initiated a community based primary
collection scheme for their neighbourhood
By C. Zurbrugg and R. Ahmed (1999) |
Download 368 KB |
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Non-Governmental Refuse Collection in Low-Income Urban Areas |
This report aims at summarising some of the
experience gained with non-governmental refuse collection operated by
communities or small private enterprises. Several Annexes provide Checklists,
Model Contracts and Selected Cases.
The report can be ordered from Caterina Dalla Torre or downloaded. By R. Pfammatter and R. Schertenleib (1996) |
Download 5.2 MB |
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Domestic Refuse Collection in Low Income Urban Areas |
The paper presented at the WEDC conference in
Islamabad in 1998 describes a project in a slum of Karachi, Pakistan. It covers
the issues and experiences with the IEM approach (Information, Education,
Motivation) in involving communities in solid waste management with community
based schemes.
By R. Ahmed, S. Kaukab and R. Schertenleib (1998) |
Download 39 KB |
Other Topics |
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The use of the Clean Development Mechanism to finance decentralised waste management and wastewater treatment projects in developing countries |
Diploma Thesis By Ch. Luethi |
Download 519 KB |
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Recyclage des déchets solides à Fada N’Gourma (Burkina Faso). Pratique actuelle et potentialités |
Rapport final
By P. Bayili, J. Wethe and N. Merky |
Download 2.3 MB |