Department Sanitation, Water and Solid Waste for Development

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   0 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=34994, pid=124)
      originalId => protected34994 (integer)
      authors => protected'Coppens, K.; Strande, L.; Stoll, S.' (50 chars)
      title => protected'Performance analysis and impact of operating conditions on the treatment cap
         acity of two full-scale vermifilters' (112 chars)
      journal => protected'Journal of Environmental Management' (35 chars)
      year => protected2025 (integer)
      volume => protected391 (integer)
      issue => protected'' (0 chars)
      startpage => protected'126328 (11 pp.)' (15 chars)
      otherpage => protected'' (0 chars)
      categories => protected'full-scale vermifiltration; nature-based solution; domestic wastewater manag
         ement; seasonal impacts; optimal design for nitrogen removal; post-treatment
          requirements' (165 chars)
      description => protected'Due to low investment and operational costs, chemical and energy independenc
         e, and a high potential to contribute to circular wastewater management prac
         tices, vermifiltration is a globally relevant wastewater treatment solution.
          Despite its potential, insufficient knowledge of the full-scale performance
          and the absence of guidelines for optimal design and operation impede vermi
         filtration from being widely implemented. This study analyzed the performanc
         e of two full-scale vermifilters treating domestic blackwater and greywater 
         sediments in winter and summer in Switzerland. For the first time, the opera
         ting conditions of both vermifilters were determined empirically, where the 
         blackwater vermifilter observed 4 times lower hydraulic loading rates, thoug
         h 10 times larger nitrogen loading rates than the greywater sediments vermif
         ilter. Both vermifilters demonstrated the ability to maintain high removal e
         fficiencies for organics and solids (&gt;75 % for BOD<sub>5</sub>, COD, and 
         TSS), though nutrient removal was lacking (&lt;30 % for TN and TP). The desi
         gn and operation used in the full-scale vermifilters are, in general, recomm
         endable, as no clogging was observed, and the performance of the vermifilter
         s did not vary with season. In addition, with post-treatment, the effluent c
         omplied with discharge standards 100 % of the time. Insights into optimal de
         sign and operation include separate urine treatment, increased vermifilter d
         epth, and alternative and intermittent feeding regimes. Such modifications w
         ould likely decrease the post-treatment requirements, spatial footprint, and
          investment costs. Overall, the results of this study conclude that when emp
         loying favorable design and operation conditions, vermifiltration is a relev
         ant, reliable, and resilient wastewater treatment solution for both urban an
         d rural areas worldwide.' (1848 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'0301-4797' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126328' (29 chars)
      uid => protected34994 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected34994 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected34994 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)
   1 => Snowflake\Publications\Domain\Model\Publicationprototypepersistent entity (uid=35076, pid=124)
      originalId => protected35076 (integer)
      authors => protected'Coppens,&nbsp;K.; Geyer,&nbsp;T.; Monod,&nbsp;A.; Strande,&nbsp;L.; Stoll,&n
         bsp;S.' (82 chars)
      title => protected'Evaluation of vermifilter-treated domestic wastewater for irrigation and fer
         tigation: opportunities and challenges for implementation' (133 chars)
      journal => protected'Journal of Water Process Engineering' (36 chars)
      year => protected2025 (integer)
      volume => protected77 (integer)
      issue => protected'' (0 chars)
      startpage => protected'108295 (11 pp.)' (15 chars)
      otherpage => protected'' (0 chars)
      categories => protected'nature-based solutions; organic micropollutants; metallic trace elements; mi
         croplastics; wastewater reclamation' (111 chars)
      description => protected'Water reclamation can help meet agricultural irrigation and nutrient demands
         . Due to high nutrient loads, vermifiltration is often considered a suitable
          treatment solution for reclamation in agriculture. However, the ability of 
         vermifiltration to meet irrigation standards is understudied. This study exp
         lores the feasibility of reclamation through irrigation and fertigation from
          two full-scale vermifilters treating black- and sedimented greywater in par
         allel and evaluates the removal efficiencies of metallic trace elements (MTE
         s), E. coli, and 15 organic micropollutants (OMPs). Microplastics in the eff
         luent were also quantified. The results show that, for reclamation in agricu
         lture, post-treatment of the vermifilter effluent is necessary to ensure rel
         iable and sufficient effluent quality. Despite an overall log removal of 3.6
         7, E. coli is the most restrictive parameter, conforming to irrigation stand
         ards only after the second post-treatment step. Various constraints, due to 
         high nitrate concentrations and salinity, would also be necessary to avoid n
         egative environmental and agronomic impacts. For fertigation, careful planni
         ng is needed to overcome excessive and variable nitrogen loads. Despite low 
         and variable MTE removal, the effluent quality meets irrigation standards. A
         verage removal of OMPs is 91 ± 15 %, and the coefficient of variation is &l
         t;10 % for two-thirds of the OMPs. Suggested optimizations to improve the us
         ability in agriculture include adding a disinfection step and urine separati
         on. Future studies should focus on the impacts of vermifilter reclamation in
          agriculture on soil and crops, as well as the potential for designations su
         ch as toilet flushing and street cleaning, which are likely more advantageou
         s in urban settings.' (1768 chars)
      serialnumber => protected'2214-7144' (9 chars)
      doi => protected'10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108295' (26 chars)
      uid => protected35076 (integer)
      _localizedUid => protected35076 (integer)modified
      _languageUid => protectedNULL
      _versionedUid => protected35076 (integer)modified
      pid => protected124 (integer)